Southern Xinjiang, the vast region south of the Tianshan Mountains, was a core hub of the ancient Silk Road and is home to ethnic minorities including the Uyghur, Tajik, and Kyrgyz peoples. With its rich cultural heritage, distinctive ethnic traditions, and majestic plateau landscapes, Southern Xinjiang plays a vital role in the region's tourism industry. In 2026, continued improvements to tourism infrastructure have created better conditions for immersive exploration.
This guide recommends in-depth travel routes for Southern Xinjiang, featuring historic cultural cities and highland landscapes to experience the region's unique charm.
I. Overview of Southern Xinjiang
Southern Xinjiang includes Kashgar, Hotan, Aksu, Bayingolin and other prefectures, covering an area of approximately 106 million square kilometers, which accounts for 64% of the total area of Xinjiang. The terrain in Southern Xinjiang is complex, featuring diverse landscapes ranging from the Taklamakan Desert to the Pamir Plateau, and from oasis cities to border ports.
The best time to visit Southern Xinjiang is4 to 10The weather is pleasant, ideal for exploring the ancient city and highlands. In winter, temperatures drop, and some highland areas may close due to snow accumulation.
II. Core Destinations
Kashgar: The Pearl of the Silk Road
Kashgar is the core city for tourism in Southern Xinjiang and a vital hub along the ancient Silk Road. Kashgar Old Town attracts countless visitors with its unique Islamic architecture, rich Uyghur culture, and deep historical heritage.
Must-see attractions:Id Kah Mosque, Kashgar Old City Core Area, High-Platform Residential Area, Mausoleum of Xiang Fei, and Kashgar Grand Bazaar.
Recommended stay:2-3 days to immerse yourself in ancient city life and Uyghur culture.
Food Recommendations:Lamb skewers, pilaf, samsa, hand-pulled noodles, pomegranate juice.
Tashkurgan: Pamir Plateau
Tashkurgan Tajik Autonomous County, located in eastern Pamir Plateau, is a homeland for the Tajik people. With high elevation and breathtaking scenery, it represents the stunning landscape of the southern Xinjiang plateau.
Must-see attractions:Karakul Lake, Muztagh Ata Peak, Stone City, Golden Grassland, and Tajik villages.
Recommended stay:2-3 days: Experience the highland scenery and Tajik culture.
Important Notes:High altitude (approx. 3100m). Watch out for altitude sickness. Border permit required.
Hotan: The Capital of Jade
Hotan is a major city in southern Xinjiang, renowned nationwide for its Hetian jade. As a cradle of Uyghur culture, it boasts a long-standing tradition of bazaar life and craftsmanship.
Must-see attractions:Hetian Grand Bazaar, Jade Market, Yotkan Ancient City, and Niya Ruins.
Recommended stay:1-2 days to experience Bazhar and jade culture.
Food Recommendations:Hotan baked buns, rose tea, and walnuts.
Aksu: Ancient Silk Road
Located in central southern Xinjiang, Aksu is an important city on the ancient Silk Road. Famous for its apples, Aksu is also home to attractions such as the Kuqa Royal Residence and the Kizil Thousand Buddha Caves.
Must-see attractions:Kuqa Prince's Palace, Kizil Thousand Buddha Caves, Tianshan Mystery Grand Canyon, Wensu Grand Canyon.
Recommended stay:2-3 days: Explore the historical sites of the ancient Silk Road.
III. Recommended Routes
7-Day Deep South Xinjiang Tour
D1：Arrive in Kashgar, explore the Old City, and savor local cuisine.
D2：Deep tour of Kashgar Ancient City, visit the Kashgar Grand Bazaar, and shop for specialty products.
D3：Kashgar to Tashkurgan: Enjoy views of the Pamir Plateau and visit Karakul Lake.
D4：Visit Tashkurgan's Stone City and Golden Grassland, and experience Tajik culture.
D5：Tashkurgan to Kashgar, return to Kashgar.
D6：Kashgar to Hotan, with stops at Shache, Yecheng, and other locations along the way.
D7：Tour Hetian Bazaar and Jade Market, then return to Kashgar or Urumqi.
10-Day South Xinjiang Panorama Tour
Adds attractions in Aksu, including Kuqa Palace, Kizil Thousand Buddha Caves, and Tianshan Mystery Grand Canyon to the 7-day itinerary for a richer experience.
4. Transportation Options
Plane:Kashgar, Hotan, and Aksar all have airports, and Urumqi offers direct flights. Air travel is the most convenient way to explore Southern Xinjiang.
Charter / Shared RideAttractions in Southern Xinjiang are far apart; chartering or sharing a car is the most common option. Charter costs range from 500 to 800 CNY per day (including fuel and tolls, split among 4 people).
CoachLong-distance buses connect cities in southern Xinjiang. They are affordable but take longer.
5. Accommodation Recommendations
Southern Xinjiang offers a wide range of accommodations, from budget hotels to unique homestays.
Kashgar:The ancient city features distinctive courtyard homestays where you can experience traditional Uyghur life. The city offers a wide range of hotels with many options to choose from.
TashkurganAccommodations are basic, primarily consisting of budget hotels and homestays. Advance booking is recommended during peak seasons.
Hotan:Downtown offers a variety of hotels at moderate prices.
6. Practical Tips
Border Permit:A border pass is required for travel to border areas such as Tashkurgan. You can obtain it in advance in Kashgar or Urumqi.
Altitude Sickness:Tashkurgan has an altitude of approximately 3100 meters, and some visitors may experience altitude sickness. We recommend preparing anti-altitude sickness medication in advance and avoiding strenuous physical activity.
Respect local customs:Southern Xinjiang is a region inhabited by ethnic minorities; please respect local religious beliefs and customs. Shoes must be removed before entering mosques, and attire should be modest.
Security:Overall security in Southern Xinjiang is good, but please safeguard your personal belongings. The ancient city is crowded; keep a close watch on your items.
Time difference:Southern Xinjiang uses Beijing Time, but its actual solar time is about 2-3 hours behind Beijing. In summer, sunset occurs around 22:30, so adjust your schedule accordingly.
VII. Summary
Southern Xinjiang is a vital part of Xinjiang tourism, attracting countless visitors with its rich history and culture, unique ethnic traditions, and breathtaking plateau landscapes. Plan your route in advance, manage your time wisely, and prepare thoroughly for an unforgettable Silk Road journey through Southern Xinjiang. In 2026, improved tourism services make this the ideal year to explore Southern Xinjiang's historic cities and stunning highland scenery.
